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A team of researchers from KAIST has unveiled a revolutionary approach to cancer treatment that reprograms colon cancer cells into a state resembling normal cells rather than destroying them. This method, led by Professor Kwang-Hyun Cho from the Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, offers a potential solution to reduce the severe side effects and treatment resistance often associated with traditional cancer therapies.
Digital Twin Technology Enables Cancer Cell Reversion
Published in Advanced Science, the research introduces a novel technology that uses a “digital twin” model of the gene network associated with normal cell differentiation. By simulating the differentiation trajectory of normal cells, the team systematically identified molecular “master switches” capable of driving cancer cells to revert to a normal-like state.
When these switches were applied to colon cancer cells, experiments demonstrated a successful reversion process. Molecular and cellular analyses, as well as animal studies, confirmed the effectiveness of the approach. Unlike conventional therapies, which focus on killing cancer cells, this method addresses cancer’s underlying biology, potentially reducing the risks of side effects and resistance.
Why Cancer Reversion Therapy Matters
“This study proves that such reversion can be systematically induced,” said Professor Kwang-Hyun Cho. He further emphasized, “This research introduces the novel concept of reversible cancer therapy by reverting cancer cells to normal cells. It also develops foundational technology for identifying targets for cancer reversion through the systematic analysis of normal cell differentiation trajectories.”
The study also provides a systematic framework for identifying reprogramming targets by analyzing normal cell differentiation pathways. This approach moves beyond the serendipitous discoveries that have traditionally shaped cancer research, providing a more structured and replicable foundation for developing therapies.
Next Steps Toward Practical Application
The findings, supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Research Foundation of Korea, have already been transferred to BioRevert Inc., where they will be used to develop practical cancer reversion therapies. By targeting the reprogramming of cancer cells, this research has the potential to improve the safety and efficacy of cancer treatments across multiple types of cancer.
With its foundation in systems biology and use of advanced digital modeling, this study highlights the possibility of transforming cancer therapy into a safer, less invasive process. If successful, it could significantly reduce the burden of treatment for patients while opening up new avenues for targeted cancer therapies.