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Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may face a significantly increased risk of developing psoriasis compared to those receiving other cancer therapies, according to a new study published in JAMA Dermatology. The findings underscore an important consideration for clinicians managing immune-related adverse events in cancer patients.
The study analyzed data from over 135,000 cancer patients in Taiwan treated for advanced-stage cancers (stage III and IV) between January 2019 and June 2021. Among those receiving ICIs, the incidence rate of psoriasis was 5.76 cases per 1,000 person-years, compared to just 1.44 cases per 1,000 person-years in patients treated with other therapies such as chemotherapy or targeted drugs.
After adjusting for demographics and comorbidities, patients receiving ICIs were found to have a two- to three-fold higher likelihood of developing psoriasis, as shown by hazard ratios. The robustness of these findings was supported through advanced statistical approaches, including stabilized inverse probability weighting and multiple sensitivity analyses, which confirmed the increased risk.
For healthcare providers, the results emphasize the importance of monitoring patients undergoing ICI therapy for signs of immune-related adverse events like psoriasis. ICIs, while highly effective at activating the immune system to attack tumors, can also disrupt immune regulation, leading to autoimmune-like conditions.
The study authors stress the need for clinicians to weigh the benefits of ICIs against the potential for adverse effects to ensure balanced and personalized patient care. While the study does not specifically address preexisting autoimmune conditions, these findings may have implications for patients with heightened susceptibility to immune dysfunction. Effective management could require closer collaboration between oncologists and dermatologists to detect and treat psoriasis and other complications early, helping maintain patients' quality of life while optimizing cancer treatment outcomes.
By highlighting this potential risk, the study equips clinicians with valuable information to guide treatment decisions and comprehensive care planning for cancer patients.